FIM(TM) References

Ditunno JF, Cohen ME, Formal CS, Whiteneck GG. Functional outcomes in spinal cord injury. In Stover SL, Whiteneck GG and DeLisa J (eds). Spinal Cord Injury: Clinical Outcomes from the Model Systems. Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publications, 1995.

Dodds TA, Matrin DP, Stolov WC, Deyo, RA. A validation of the Functional Independence Measurement and its performance among rehabilitation inpatients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1993;74(5):531-6.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8489365

Granger CV. The emerging science of functional assessment: our tool for outcomes analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1998;79(3):235-240.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 9523772

Granger CV, Cotter AS, Hamilton BB, Fiedler RC, Hens MM. Functional assessment scales: A study of persons with multiple sclerosis. Arch Phys Rehabil 1990;71:870-875.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 2222154

Granger CV, Hamilton BB, Linacre JM, Heinemann AW, Wright BD. Performance profiles of the Functional Independence Measure. Arch Phys Rehabil 1993;72:84-89.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8476548

Granger CV, Hamilton BB, Keith RA, Zielesny M, Sherwin, FS. Advances in functional assessment for medical rehabilitation. Top Geriatr Rehabil 1986;1:59-74.

Grey N, Kennedy P. The Functional Independence Measure: a comparative study of clinician and self rating. Paraplegia 1993;31:457-461.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8371936

Guide for the Uniform Data Set for Medical Rehabilitation (including the FIM(TM) instrument), Version 5.1. Buffalo, NY 14214-3007: State University of New York at Buffalo; 1997.

Hall KM, Hamilton B, Gordon WA, Zasler ND: Characteristics and comparisons of functional assessment indices: Disability Rating Scale, Functional Independence Measure and Functional Assessment Measure. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1993;8(2):60-74.

Hall KM, Mann N, High W, Wright J, Kreutzer J, Wood, D. Functional measures after traumatic brain injury: ceiling effects of FIM, FIM+FAM, DRS and CIQ. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1996;11(5):27-39.

Hamilton BB, Granger CV, Sherwin FS, Zielezny M, Tashman JS. A uniform national data system for medical rehabilitation. In: Fuhrer M, ed. Rehabilitation outcomes: analysis and measurement. Baltimore: Brookes, 1987:137-147.

Hamilton BB, Laughlin JA, Granger CV, Kayton RM. Interrater agreement of the seven-level Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1991;72:790 (abstract).

Heinemann AW, Linacre JM, Hamilton BB: Prediction of rehabilitation outcomes with disability measures. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994;75:133-143.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8311668

Heinemann AW, Linacre JM, Wright BD, Granger CV. Relationships between impairment and physical disability as measured by the Functional Independence Measure. Arch Phys Rehabil 1993; 74:566-573.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8503745

Heinemann AW, Kirk P, Hastie BA, Semik P, Hamilton BB, Linacre JM, Wright BD, Granger CV. Relationships between disability measures and nursing effort during medical rehabilitation for patients with traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Rehabil 1997;78(2):143-149.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 9041894

Karamehmetoglu SS, Karacan I, Elbasi N, Demirel G, Koyuncu H, Dosoglu M. The Functional Independence Measure in spinal cord injured patients: comparison of questioning with observational rating. Spinal Cord 1997;35(1):22-25.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 9025215

Linacre JM, Heinemann AW, Wright BD, Granger CV, Hamilton BB. The structure and staility of the Functional Independence Measure. Arch Phys Rehabil 1994;75:127-132.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8311667

Long WB, LSacco WJ, Coombes SS et al. Determining normative standards for Functional Independence Measure transitions in rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1994;75:144-148.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8311669

Segal ME, Ditunno JF, Staas WE. Institutional agreement of individual Functional Independence Measure (FIM) items measured at two sites on one sample of SCI patients. Paraplegia 1993;31:622-631.
More information is available from PubMed at this link, PMID: 8259324

Whiteneck GG. A Functional Independence Measure trail in the SCI Models Systems. Abtract Digest, ASIA 14th Annual Scientific Meeting, 1998;48.